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Microsoft Word is a word processing software developed by Microsoft. Using Wine , versions of Microsoft Word before can be run on Linux.
Commercial versions of Word are licensed as a standalone product or as a component of Microsoft Office suite of software, which can be purchased either with a perpetual license or as part of a Microsoft subscription.
This was made easier by Word for DOS having been designed for use with high-resolution displays and laser printers, even though none were yet available to the general public.
It fulfilled a need for a word processor that was more capable than MacWrite. Word 3. Within a few months, Word 3. Word 5. Many users say it is the best version of Word for Mac OS ever created. The Atari ST version was a port of Word 1. The first version of Word for Windows was released in With the release of Windows 3. As of February [update] , it is still available for download from Microsoft's web site.
Both the Windows and Mac OS versions would start from the same code base. It was abandoned when it was determined that it would take the development team too long to rewrite and then catch up with all the new capabilities that could have been added at the same time without a rewrite.
With the release of Word 6. It introduced AutoCorrect, which automatically fixed certain typing errors, and AutoFormat, which could reformat many parts of a document at once. While the Windows version received favorable reviews e.
Many accused it of being slow, clumsy and memory intensive, and its user interface differed significantly from Word 5. Word for Windows is available stand-alone or as part of the Microsoft Office suite. Word contains rudimentary desktop publishing capabilities and is the most widely used word processing program on the market.
Word files are commonly used as the format for sending text documents via e-mail because almost every user with a computer can read a Word document by using the Word application, a Word viewer or a word processor that imports the Word format see Microsoft Word Viewer. It was a straightforward port of Word 6. Starting with Word 95, releases of Word were named after the year of its release, instead of its version number.
Word introduced a redesigned user interface that emphasized the most common controls, dividing them into tabs, and adding specific options depending on the context, such as selecting an image or editing a table. The redesigned interface also includes a toolbar that appears when selecting text, with options for formatting included. Word also included the option to save documents as Adobe Acrobat or XPS files, [34] and upload Word documents like blog posts on services such as WordPress.
Word allows the customization of the Ribbon, [35] adds a Backstage view for file management, [36] has improved document navigation, allows creation and embedding of screenshots, [37] and integrates with online services such as Microsoft OneDrive. Word added co-authoring, a visual refresh on the start experience and tabs, automatic cloud saving, dark mode, line focus, an updated draw tab, and support for ODF 1.
The Mac was introduced on January 24, , and Microsoft introduced Word 1. Each platform restarted its version numbering at "1. Word 4. The later Word 6 was a Windows port and poorly received.
Many people continue to run Word 5. Document compatibility reached parity with Word 97, [29] and it included features from Word 97 for Windows, including spell and grammar checking with squiggles. Word , released in , added a few new features, including the Office Clipboard , which allowed users to copy and paste multiple items. Word X, released in , was the first version to run natively on, and required, Mac OS X, [40] and introduced non-contiguous text selection.
Word was released in May It included a new Notebook Layout view for taking notes either by typing or by voice. Word , released on January 15, , included a Ribbon-like feature, called the Elements Gallery, that can be used to select page layouts and insert custom diagrams and images.
It also included a new view focused on publishing layout, integrated bibliography management, [45] and native support for the new Office Open XML format.
It was the first version to run natively on Intel-based Macs. Word , released in October , replaced the Elements Gallery in favor of a Ribbon user interface that is much more similar to Office for Windows, [47] and includes a full-screen mode that allows users to focus on reading and writing documents, and support for Office Web Apps.
Word , added real-time co-authoring, automatic cloud saving, dark mode, immersive reader enhancements, line focus, a visual refresh, the ability to save pictures in SVG format, and a new Sketched style outline. Microsoft Word's native file formats are denoted either by a. Although the. The classic Mac OS of the era did not use filename extensions. The newer. During the late s and early s, the default Word document format. DOC became a de facto standard of document file formats for Microsoft Office users.
According to Joel Spolsky , Word Binary File Format is extremely complex mainly because its developers had to accommodate an overwhelming number of features and prioritize performance over anything else. As with all OLE Compound Files, Word Binary Format consists of "storages", which are analogous to computer folders and "streams", which are similar to computer files. Each storage may contain streams or other storage. Word and later continue to support the DOC file format, although it is no longer the default.
Opening a Word Document file in a version of Word other than the one with which it was created can cause an incorrect display of the document. The document formats of the various versions change in subtle and not so subtle ways such as changing the font or the handling of more complex tasks like footnotes.
Formatting created in newer versions does not always survive when viewed in older versions of the program, nearly always because that capability does not exist in the previous version. In October , one year before the Microsoft Office suite was released, Microsoft declared that there was insufficient demand from Microsoft customers for the international standard OpenDocument format support and that therefore it would not be included in Microsoft Office This statement was repeated in the following months.
This work was started in response to government requests for interoperability with ODF. The goal of project was not to add ODF support to Microsoft Office, but only to create a plugin and an external tool-set. Among its features, Word includes a built-in spell checker, a thesaurus, a dictionary, and utilities for manipulating and editing text.
The following are some aspects of its feature set. Several later versions of Word include the ability for users to create their formatting templates, allowing them to define a file in which: the title, heading, paragraph, and other element designs differ from the standard Word templates. For example, Normal. It determines the margin defaults as well as the layout of the text and font defaults. Although Normal. This will change other documents which were created using the template.
It can also be used to create and display simple line art. Microsoft Word added support [81] for the common SVG vector image format in for Office ProPlus subscribers and this functionality was also included in the Office release. WordArt enables drawing text in a Microsoft Word document such as a title, watermark, or other text, with graphical effects such as skewing, shadowing, rotating, stretching in a variety of shapes and colors, and even including three-dimensional effects. Users can apply formatting effects such as shadow, bevel, glow, and reflection to their document text as easily as applying bold or underline.
Users can also spell-check text that uses visual effects and add text effects to paragraph styles. A Macro is a rule of pattern that specifies how a certain input sequence often a sequence of characters should be mapped to an output sequence according to a defined process. Frequently used or repetitive sequences of keystrokes and mouse movements can be automated.
Like other Microsoft Office documents, Word files can include advanced macros and even embedded programs. This extensive functionality can also be used to run and propagate viruses in documents. The tendency for people to exchange Word documents via email, USB flash drives , and floppy disks made this an especially attractive vector in A prominent example was the Melissa virus , but countless others have existed.
These macro viruses were the only known cross-platform threats between Windows and Macintosh computers and they were the only infection vectors to affect any macOS system up until the advent of video codec trojans in Word's macro security setting, which regulates when macros may execute, can be adjusted by the user, but in the most recent versions of Word, it is set to HIGH by default, generally reducing the risk from macro-based viruses, which have become uncommon.
Before Word Word 14 for Windows, the program was unable to correctly handle ligatures defined in OpenType fonts. Since Word , the program now has advanced typesetting features which can be enabled, [83] OpenType ligatures, [84] kerning and hyphenation previous versions already had the latter two features. Other layout deficiencies of Word include the inability to set crop marks or thin spaces.
Various third-party workaround utilities have been developed. In Word for Mac OS X, support of complex scripts was inferior even to Word 97 [86] and Word did not support Apple Advanced Typography features like ligatures or glyph variants.
Microsoft word is only awkwardly suitable for some kinds of technical writing, specifically, that which requires: mathematical equations , figure placement, table placement and cross-references to any of these items. The usual workaround for equations is to use a third-party equation typesetter.
Figures and tables must be placed manually; there is an anchor mechanism but it is not designed for fully automatic figure placement and editing text after placing figures and tables often requires re-placing those items by moving the anchor point and even then the placement options are limited. This problem is deeply baked into Word's structure since as it does not know where page breaks will occur until the document is printed.
Microsoft Word supports bullet lists and numbered lists. It also features a numbering system that helps add correct numbers to pages, chapters, headers, footnotes, and entries of tables of content; these numbers automatically change to correct ones as new items are added or existing items are deleted. Bullets and numbering can be applied directly to paragraphs and converted to lists. In particular, a second irrelevant numbered list might have not started with number one but instead resumed numbering after the last numbered list.
Although Word 97 supported a hidden marker that said the list numbering must restart afterward, the command to insert this marker Restart Numbering command was only added in Word However, if one were to cut the first item of the listed and paste it as another item e. Users can also create tables in Word. Depending on the version, Word can perform simple calculations — along with support for formulas and equations as well. Word continues to default to non-Unicode characters and non-hierarchical bulleting, despite user preference for Powerpoint-style symbol hierarchies e.
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